The basic structure of a cable consists of four parts: the core (conductor), the insulation layer, the shielding layer, and the protective layer.
Core: The core is the conductive part of a cable, usually made of metal materials such as copper or aluminum. Its main function is to transmit electrical energy and is the main part of the cable. The cross-sectional shape of the core can be circular, semi-circular, or fan-shaped, depending on the specifications and uses of the cable.
Insulation layer: The insulation layer is the part that electrically isolates the core from the ground and from different phases of the core, usually made of insulating materials such as rubber and plastic. Its main function is to prevent electrical breakdown between the cores and between the cores and the ground, ensuring the normal transmission of electrical energy.
Shielding layer: The shielding layer is mainly used to reduce electromagnetic interference and electromagnetic radiation, protecting the cable from external electromagnetic field interference. In high-voltage cables, the shielding layer can also play a role in uniform electric field distribution, preventing partial discharge of the cable insulation layer.
Protective layer: The protective layer is the outer protective structure of the cable, usually consisting of a metal sheath, armor layer, and outer protective layer. Its main function is to protect the cable from external impurities, moisture, mechanical damage, and other adverse factors, ensuring the normal operation of the cable.
In short, each part of the cable has its own unique role, which together ensures the normal operation and service life of the cable. In practical applications, it is necessary to choose the appropriate cable type and specifications based on specific usage environments and requirements.
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